"...words like stick - we actually use that to mean a tree in Chinook Wawa most the time now so this used to be canime stick that's what we'd call it now that's its name, the cedar tree, canime, this is a canime, a canoe is a canime, used to be e-canime in old Chinook, e-canime, but now it's canime in the language that I'm speaking. So a canime stick that means a cedar tree, the canoe tree. Or ena-stick that's a beaver's tree, beaver wood. Or esik-stick for a paddle, esik, esik-stick is a Oregon ash. Because that ash is what we make our paddles out of." (Tony Johnson interview, 2002)

All interviews conducted by the Lifelong Learning Project, Continuing Education, The University of Montana, 2001-2004.